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What is diabetes?


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Diabetes 

    Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs as a result of the pancreas gland's inability to produce enough insulin or when the body is unable to use the insulin it produced as required, and insulin is the hormone that regulates the rate of sugar in the blood, and the incidence of high blood sugar without controlling it leads to damage to Many of the body’s systems are long-term, especially in nerves and blood vessels. 

Types of diabetes 

Type 1 diabetes 

   Type 1 diabetes is known as insulin dependent diabetes or that begins in the youth or childhood stage, and is characterized by the lack of insulin production, which requires daily insulin use, and there are no means to prevent it until now. Diabetic symptoms are excessive urination, thirst, and persistent hunger. Weight loss, visual disturbances, and feeling tired. 

Type 2 diabetes 

    Type 2 diabetes is known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or that appears in the middle age stage, as a result of the body's inability to use insulin effectively; it often occurs as a result of obesity and physical hyperactivity, and symptoms of diabetes are the same as symptoms of type 1 diabetes, but they are Usually less clear, which is often unknown when diagnosing diabetes after complications. 

Gestational diabetes 

      Gestational diabetes is hyperglycemia in which the glucose level exceeds the normal rate without reaching the rate necessary to diagnose diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, and it is indicated that women who suffer from gestational diabetes are more at risk of complications from pregnancy and childbirth than others, and they And their children have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future, and gestational diabetes is diagnosed by prenatal screening, and not by the symptoms mentioned above. 

Prevention of diabetes 

  • Avoid obesity and lose weight to achieve a healthy weight. 
  • Doing exercise regularly, as it promotes blood flow in the body, reduces the rate of sugar in the blood, and promotes metabolism. 
  • Avoiding the hydrogenated fats in fried and processed foods; causing the body to absorb protein, then reducing insulin secretion in the body, which increases blood sugar. 
  • Avoid excessive intake of sugars and sweeteners; they cause the production of insulin, and these sweets can be replaced with fruits. 
  • Avoid foods rich in carbohydrates, such as: white rice, pasta and flour, and these complex carbohydrates can be replaced by other types of carbohydrates rich in fiber, such as: oats and whole grains. 
  • Avoid smoking, as it increases the risk of diabetes due to its effect on the heart, blood vessels and hormonal secretions.


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